Amakuru

Nigute wumva ukorera ahantu hacuramye? Amatara yaka cyane arashobora kandi kubangamira amaso yawe kandi bikagira ingaruka kubuzima bwawe.

Ni kangahe aho ukorera hacanwa? Amatara yakahe kandi ni ibihe bikoresho ukoresha? Minisiteri ishinzwe umurimo muri Amerika ishinzwe umutekano w’ubuzima n’ubuzima yashyizeho ibipimo byerekana amatara yo kukuyobora.

Gushiraho uburyo bwiza bwo kumurika ibiro kubakozi bawe numutungo wingenzi kugirango umusaruro wiyongere. Amatara akora akazi. Igena uko ibintu bimeze no guhumurizwa kwabakozi. Ukizirikana ibi, ushobora kwibaza amahame yumucyo akwiriye aho ukorera?

Komeza usome iyi mikorere yumurimo wo kuyobora kugirango utezimbere aho ukorera.

AKAZI KUMURIKA AMATEGEKO AKURIKIRA OSHA

Minisiteri ishinzwe umurimo muri Amerika ishinzwe umutekano n’ubuzima (OSHA) itangaza ibipimo ngenderwaho byuzuye. Bemeza ko akazi gakorwa neza kubakozi mu nganda zose. Ikigo cyashinzwe mu 1971, cyasohoye amahame y’umutekano n’amabwiriza.

Amabwiriza ya OSHA kumurika kumurimo ashingiye kubisanzwe bizwi nkigenzura ryingufu zangiza (Lockout / Tagout). Usibye gahunda yo gufunga / Tagout, abakoresha bagomba gukurikiza imyitozo yihariye mugihe bamurika aho bakorera.

OSHA yishingikirije ku ngingo ya 5193 y'itegeko rya politiki y’ingufu yo mu 1992 kugira ngo itange umurongo ngenderwaho ku bakoresha kugira ngo bakore neza. Iki gice cyibikorwa bisaba ko inyubako zose zo mu biro zigumana urumuri ntarengwa. Ibi ni ukugabanya urumuri no gutanga ahantu hizewe kubakozi.

Ariko, iki gikorwa ntigaragaza urwego ntarengwa rwo kumurika. Ahubwo bisaba abakoresha gusuzuma sisitemu yabo yo kumurika kugirango abakozi babone ibyo bakeneye.

Amatara ahagije biterwa nimiterere yakazi nibikoresho byakoreshejwe. Umucyo uhagije ugomba kuboneka kubakozi kugirango bakore imirimo yabo neza kandi neza.

Kumurika bipimirwa muri buji y'ibirenge kandi bigomba kuba byibura buji ya metero icumi hasi. Ubundi, birashobora kuba 20% yumubare ntarengwa wo kumurika hejuru yumurimo.

AKAZI K'UMURIMO W'UMURIMO

Ibigo byinshi bisibanganya amatara yo mu biro n'amatara akoresha ingufu. Babuze ibyiza byo kumurika cyane. Ntabwo bizashimisha abakozi gusa kandi bitange umusaruro, ahubwo bizanigama fagitire yingufu.

Urufunguzo ni ukubona urumuri rukwiye. Ni iki ukwiye gushakisha mu itara?

1. Koresha urumuri rwohejuru rwuzuye-rumuri
2. Amatara ya LED amara inshuro 25 kurenza amatara ya fluorescent
3. Bagomba kuba inyenyeri yingufu
4. Ubushyuhe bwamabara bugera kuri 5000K

5000 K nubushyuhe bwamabara yumucyo wumunsi. Ntabwo ari ubururu cyane kandi ntabwo ari umuhondo cyane. Urashobora kubona ibi bintu byose mumatara ya fluorescent, ariko ntibizaramba nkamatara ya LED. Hano haribisobanuro byinshi byo kumurika kumurimo byasobanuwe.

Icya mbere muri ibyo bipimo ni impuzandengo ya illuminance (lux) ibisabwa. Birasabwa ko impuzandengo yamurika igomba kuba byibuze 250. Ibi biri munsi yumurambararo wa metero 5 kuri 7 ya fluorescent itara hejuru yuburebure bwa metero 6 uvuye hasi.

Kumurika nkibi bituma urumuri ruhagije abakozi babona batiriwe bananiza amaso.

Icya kabiri cyibipimo nkibi bisabwa kumurika (lux) kubikorwa byihariye. Kurugero, kumurika byibuze byo guteka mugikoni bigomba kuba byibuze 1000 lux. Gutegura ibiryo, bigomba kuba 500 lux.

AKAZI KUMURIKA INAMA

Kumurika nikintu cyingenzi cyibikorwa byakazi. Irashobora gushiraho amajwi y'akarere, gushiraho intumbero, no kuzamura umusaruro w'abakozi.

Amatara asabwa mumwanya biterwa nibintu byinshi. Hano haribintu bike ugomba gusuzuma mugihe cyo kugereranya impuzandengo yumucyo ukenewe kubikorwa bitandukanye.

AKARERE KAKAZI N'IBIKORWA BYAYO

Amatara akenera aratandukanye bitewe nubwoko bwibikorwa mumwanya. Kurugero, icyumba cyibihe kizaba gifite amatara atandukanye kuruta ishuri.

Ibidukikije bifite urumuri rwinshi ntibizoroha kuruhuka no gusinzira. Umwijima mwinshi uzabuza kwibanda no gukora neza. Kubona uburinganire hagati yumucyo numwijima nikintu cyingenzi.

IGIHE CY'UMUNSI

Amatara akeneye guhinduka umunsi wose. Kurugero, umwanya wakazi ukoreshwa kumanywa uzaba ufite amatara atandukanye asabwa gukoreshwa nijoro.

Amasaha yo kumanywa ahamagara urumuri rusanzwe kandi urashobora gukoresha Windows cyangwa skylight kubwinyungu zawe. Amatara yubukorikori agomba gukoreshwa gusa kumunsi niba akazi gasaba kubona ecran. Niba ayo matara akoreshwa nijoro, arashobora gutera umutwe no kunanirwa amaso.

IGIHE CY'UMWAKA

Amatara akeneye guhinduka umwaka wose. Kurugero, umwanya wakazi ukoreshwa mugihe cyitumba urashobora gukenera gucanwa kurenza umwe wakoreshejwe mugihe cyizuba.

Nk’uko byatangajwe na Dr. Michael V. Vitiello, umwarimu w’amaso muri kaminuza ya Californiya i Los Angeles (UCLA), ngo amaso yacu akeneye urwego runaka rumurika kugira ngo tubone neza. Niba ari byiza cyane, abanyeshuri bacu bazagabanuka, bizadutera kubona neza.

UMUBARE W'UMucyo NYAKURI URASHOBORA

Niba nta mucyo usanzwe uhagije, urumuri ruzakenera. Ubwinshi bwurumuri nubushyuhe bwamabara buratandukanye bitewe nurumuri rusanzwe ruboneka.

Kurenza urumuri rusanzwe ufite, urumuri ruke rukenera.

UMUBARE W'IGIHE UMWANYA UKORESHWA

Amatara mucyumba akoreshwa mugihe gito aratandukanye no kumurika mucyumba igihe kirekire. Umwenda ukoreshwa mugihe gito, bitandukanye nicyumba nkigikoni.

Kuri buri, menya ingamba zikwiye zo kumurika.

WEMEZE UMURIMO W'UMURIMO UYU MUNSI

Umwanya ucanwa neza ningirakamaro kumyumvire ikwiye, umusaruro, nubuzima. Umwanya wose ugomba gucanwa neza kugirango umenye neza ko aho ukorera hujuje ibipimo byamatara. Bagomba kugira umucyo uhagije batarebye nabi cyangwa ngo babone.

OSTOOMitanga ibisubizo byubwoko bwose bwimirimo. Dutanga ibicuruzwa na serivisi nziza cyane kubakiriya bacu. Twandikire uyu munsi kugirango tubone ibisubizo bikwiye.